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AU Registered Medical Device
12-month warranty
Same day dispatch
Professionally endorsed

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TENS Machines for Pain: Everything You Need to Know

An elderly woman using TENS on her wrist while sitting and reading

A Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation or TENS machine for pain is a battery-powered machine that delivers electrical currents to the body. Accordingly, this electrical stimulation blocks the transmission of pain signals, triggers the release of endorphins, and improves blood flow. Furthermore, operating the device is straightforward. Firstly, prepare the unit. Secondly, identify the treatment area and position the electrode pads. Lastly, adjust the settings or choose a pre-set program.

For many people, living with different types of pain is a daily struggle that affects the quality of life. Traditional pain management methods often involve painkilling medication. However, it can have unwanted side effects and may not provide long-term relief. Fortunately, technological advancements have led to the development of other forms of pain relief, like TENS devices. This article will present TENS units for pain, including how they work and how to operate them.

What is a TENS Machine for Pain?

A TENS machine for pain is a device designed to alleviate conditions by transmitting low-voltage electrical impulses to the body via electrodes placed on the skin. Accordingly, medical professionals and pain clinics often integrate TENS into treatment plans for patients dealing with chronic or acute pain. Additionally, individuals who experience a wide range of discomfort may utilise TENS to manage their pain symptoms.

TENS devices come in both wired and wireless varieties. This offers options to suit different preferences and needs. Wired TENS features electrodes connected to the central unit via wires. Hence, it provides a stable and consistent connection. Meanwhile, wireless TENS eliminates the need for lead cables. This extends the convenience of mobility and freedom of movement during use.

Nevertheless, users can control the method of pain relief manually or on a smartphone through Bluetooth technology. Furthermore, key features commonly found in TENS units include adjustable settings, pre-set programs, and reusable or replaceable adhesive electrodes. Some advanced models may integrate timers, LED displays, and rechargeable batteries.

Conditions It Can Treat

  • Chronic pain conditions: persists for an extended period. This includes conditions such as neck pain, fibromyalgia, and arthritis.
  • Acute pain conditions: arise suddenly and have a shorter duration. TENS can offer immediate relief for ailments like period pain, labour pain, and post-operative pain.
  • Neuropathic pain: this stems from abnormalities in the nervous system. Conditions like diabetic neuropathy and post-herpetic neuralgia can benefit from TENS.
  • Musculoskeletal pain: it originates from bones, ligaments, or tendons. This may include bursitis, knee pain, joint pain, and osteoarthritic pain.
  • Muscular pain: this discomfort originates from muscle tissues. It may be due to overexertion, tension, or myofascial trigger points.

A small and large wing iTENS and refill gel pads

How a TENS Machine for Pain Works

The TENS machine for pain works through several physiological mechanisms. Firstly, when TENS sends electrical pulses, they can prompt the release of endorphins. These are the natural pain-relieving chemicals of the body. Accordingly, it binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord. This interaction leads to a reduction in the perception of pain and can create a sense of well-being.

Secondly, TENS operates based on the Pain Gate Theory. According to this, the transmission of pain messages to the brain can be modulated by activating non-painful sensory pathways. When TENS delivers electric currents to the nerve fibres, it can effectively close the “gate” to the transmission of painful sensations. This leads to a reduction in the perception of pain intensity.

Furthermore, TENS therapy can influence blood circulation in the treatment region. The electrical pulses can cause blood vessels to dilate. As a result, it can promote the delivery of oxygen and essential nutrients to tissues. This also aids in the removal of metabolic waste and reduces tissue inflammation. Hence, it can contribute to the alleviation of discomfort and support the healing process.

Low and High Frequencies

TENS devices can utilise both low and high frequencies to manage conditions effectively. Low-frequency TENS therapy typically operates at frequencies below 10 Hz. When this setting is applied, it prompts the body to release endorphins. Accordingly, this is beneficial for managing chronic conditions.

On the other hand, high-frequency TENS therapy generally operates at frequencies above 50 Hz. When this frequency is set, it is believed to work by directly interfering with the transmission of pain signals along the nerve pathway. Hence, it is valuable for treating acute conditions. Nevertheless, it is essential to determine the most appropriate frequency for specific pain management needs.

A guide on how to simply operate the iTENS application

How to Operate a TENS Machine for Pain

Operating a TENS machine for pain involves a straightforward process. Start by checking the condition of the unit. Verify that all components are in good working condition and free from any damage. Accordingly, attach the electrode pads to the central unit using lead wires. For wireless TENS devices, connect it to a smartphone or tablet via Bluetooth technology.

Next, locate the treatment area and prepare the skin by cleaning and drying it. Position the adhesive electrode pads following the proper electrode placement. Once the pads are in place, turn on the TENS machine. The device may allow users to adjust pulse frequency, pulse intensity, and pulse duration. Also, some models may enable individuals to select a pre-set program to target specific conditions.

Health professionals recommend starting the therapy with the lowest settings and moderately increasing it to a comfortable intensity. Throughout the treatment session, the user should pay attention to any changes in sensation. Moreover, the therapy may last from 15 to 30 minutes. After complete, turn off the TENS unit and carefully remove the electrodes from the skin.

Benefits of Electrotherapy

One key benefit of TENS is their ability to provide localised relief. This approach allows people to focus the treatment on the particular regions of the body that are experiencing discomfort. Another advantage is its non-invasiveness. It does not require the use of medications or surgical procedures. Hence, it makes it a favourable choice for those seeking treatment options with minimal side effects.

Additionally, most TENS are portable. This enables people to undergo treatment at home, at work, or on the go. Also, the use of TENS is cost-effective. It eliminates the ongoing cost of oral medications or the frequent visits to healthcare providers.

Conclusion

In summary, a TENS machine for pain is a valuable tool for managing discomfort. It is a wired or wireless device that delivers low-voltage electrical pulses to the body. This is possible due to the electrode pads placed on the skin. Accordingly, TENS works by prompting the production of endorphins, blocking the transmission of pain signals to the brain, and improving blood circulation. The electrical currents from TENS can also stream in low and high frequencies.

With such mechanisms, TENS can help manage various conditions. This may include treating neck pain, period pain, post-herpetic neuralgia, bursitis, and muscle discomforts. Furthermore, operating a TENS machine is straightforward. Begin by preparing the device, locating the treatment area, placing the electrodes, and adjusting the settings. In addition, TENS provides numerous benefits. It provides targeted relief, and it is non-invasive, drug-free, portable, and cost-effective.

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