Living with chronic pain can be debilitating. As such, many seek effective ways to find relief. One option is Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS). People can easily address aches using a TENS pain relief device. Moreover, it can help reduce dependency on medications, which can have several adverse effects, distinctly with long-term use. TENS therapy is effective for acute and chronic pain conditions. It also provides relief for neuropathic pain and musculoskeletal pain.
Many physical therapists and other medical professionals incorporate TENS therapy into their treatment plans. This is because TENS is safe and complementary to traditional treatment methods. Moreover, the versatile relief the machine provides makes it a cost-effective option for people seeking alternatives to common options. This article will present information on how TENS machines work, the benefits of operating one, and the types of pain that suit TENS therapy.
How Does a TENS Pain Relief Device Work?
A TENS pain relief device is a machine that sends low-voltage electrical currents to the body using electrode pads. The electrical pulses travel to the sensory nerves and activate mechanisms for effective treatment of aches. TENS machines have adjustable settings that allow users to adjust the levels according to their comfort and health issues.
People can use high-frequency stimulation (50-120 Hz) for the immediate reduction of pain. It triggers the spinal nerve fibres to block pain signals from reaching the brain. This process is also known as the pain gate mechanism. Moreover, this stimulation can induce vasodilation, improving blood circulation to the target area. It also has a massage-like effect that soothes sore muscles and decreases movement pain.
On the other hand, low-frequency stimulation (2-10 Hz) can prompt the production of endorphins. These hormones are natural painkillers that provide lasting and effective analgesia. They can also help reduce inflammation and stress. By improving moods, endorphins can increase the quality of life.
Main Theories at Work
Although the exact mechanisms of how TENS provides relief are not fully understood, these are the main theories:
- Gate Control Theory of Pain: According to this theory, electrical pulses from TENS can interfere with pain messages by stimulating the sensory nerves to close the gate to the brain.
- Endorphin Release Theory: This suggests that electrical nerve stimulation can elicit the production of endogenous opioids. These hormones bind to opioid receptors in the brain to reduce the levels of pain intensity.
- Central Pain Modulation Theory: It poses that TENS therapy can also affect the central nervous system and modify how it perceives aches.
Benefits of Using a TENS Pain Relief Device
There are several benefits of using a TENS pain relief device. Firstly, it provides non-invasive and drug-free relief. Compared to consuming pain medicines or undergoing surgery, TENS therapy has minimal risks, even with long-term use. Moreover, it does not cause addiction or dependency, which are prevalent issues with medications.
Secondly, TENS units are portable. Most commercial TENS machines are small and battery-operated electronic devices. They have lightweight and compact designs that make them convenient for pain management while on the go. Some TENS units even have wearable wireless pads to use while travelling. They also boast enough battery life to conduct multiple sessions.
Thirdly, TENS machines are user-friendly. They have practical interfaces that are easy to navigate for quick relief. Often, they also have preset programs that reduce the need for experimentation for TENS sessions. Moreover, it is simple to self-administer a session. Lastly, TENS machines provide versatile relief from acute and chronic pain conditions. TENS is a complementary therapy to other methods. Hence, they can cover the limitations of traditional treatment options, such as drug therapy, heat therapy, and physical therapy.
Potential Side Effects
Although TENS is generally safe for most people, there are still potential side effects. One of these is an allergic reaction to the adhesives or the electrode pad. Users should observe the electrode site, especially during the first use, and stop the session if this occurs.
Some people may also develop muscle twitching during the session. Typically, this is the result of using excessively high intensities or overuse. Lastly, developing tolerance to electric stimulation is another possible side effect. To prevent this, people should alternate between high and low frequencies or select the modulation mode.
Types of Pain Suitable for TENS Pain Relief Device
Using a TENS pain relief device is an effective method of addressing different types of pain. Firstly, it can provide relief from acute pain conditions. Acute pain is pain that lasts less than three months. They usually have a direct cause and fade as they heal. This includes sports injuries, like fractures, sprains, and strains. It also works for postoperative pain, primary dysmenorrhea, and labour pain.
Chronic pain conditions are ailments that last more than three months. An underlying condition usually causes this. However, some causes are also unexplained. One example of this is fibromyalgia, which causes widespread aches, fatigue, and tenderness. Chronic back pain is another common pain condition people experience. TENS is ideal for this because it provides natural and lasting relief.
People with neuropathic pain can also use TENS for their aches. Nerve pain is often from damage or injury to the nerves. Examples of this include diabetic neuropathy, stump pain, sciatica, and phantom pain. TENS therapy also alleviates musculoskeletal pain from gout, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative disc disorders.
Is It Safe and Effective?
TENS therapy is a safe and effective treatment method for pain relief. However, there are guidelines to follow to prevent negative effects from electrical stimulation. Firstly, people should consult a medical professional to ensure compatibility with TENS treatment. People with cardiac rhythm devices should avoid electrotherapy since it may cause their machines to malfunction.
Secondly, practice proper electrode placement. Do not apply pads to sensitive areas, such as the spinal cord, throat, and head. Lastly, do not overuse the machine. Follow the prescribed treatment duration and advised settings. Start with low intensities to prevent electric shocks and discomfort.
Conclusion
A TENS pain relief device is a helpful tool for alleviating aches from various conditions. It is a machine that sends low-voltage electric currents to the body using electrode pads. These pulses travel to the nerves and activate mechanisms for relief, such as the pain gate mechanism, endorphin release, and vasodilation. It blocks pain signals for rapid relief, soothes achy muscles, and improves moods. It can address conditions like fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis pain, and postoperative pain.
Moreover, TENS provides drug-free and non-invasive relief, making it an ideal alternative to traditional treatment options. It is also an adjunct therapy due to its minimal risks of side effects. Nevertheless, consulting a health professional is recommended. They can help individuals ensure that TENS is compatible with their treatment and advise them on how to use the device safely. Those interested in buying a wireless TENS machine may consider the iTENS from iTENS Australia.
