Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, or TENS therapy, is an effective treatment that uses an electronic device to deliver electrical currents. Accordingly, electrical stimulation works in mechanisms to improve the quality of life. This may block pain signals, trigger the release of endorphins, and promote blood circulation. Hence, it is a method of pain relief for both chronic pain and acute pain. Nevertheless, it is vital to recognise the precautions, like starting with the lowest settings and the proper electrode placement.
Living with pain symptoms can be incredibly challenging. This affects everything from physical well-being to emotional health. Traditional pain management method often falls short, leaving individuals searching for alternative options. Fortunately, TENS devices have emerged as a promising solution, offering effective relief without the need for medication or invasive procedures. This article will present the TENS treatment, including the benefits and safety considerations.
What Is TENS Therapy?
TENS therapy is a treatment method that involves the utilisation of an electrical device to send electrical pulses to specific areas of the body via electrode pads. Accordingly, it is commonly used by pain clinics, physical therapists, and healthcare professionals. TENS is also available in portable sizes for personal use or home use. Hence, the treatment is versatile for various settings and conditions.
The devices usually come in two main types: wired and wireless. Wired TENS machines require the use of lead cables to connect the electrodes to the central device. On the other hand, wireless TENS units are self-contained and operate without the need for wires. This makes them more convenient and portable for individuals who need to move around during treatment sessions.
Nevertheless, people can use or control the device manually or through a smartphone via Bluetooth. Both wired and wireless devices offer a variety of features. This may include adjustable settings for frequency, intensity, and duration of electric stimulation and pre-set programs. Also, some may extend various modes of stimulation, such as continuous or pulsating patterns.
How Does It Work?
- Pain gate mechanism: this suggests that the brain has a limited capacity to process pain messages. When TENS deliver electrical signals, these can interfere with the transmission of pain signals, effectively closing the gate.
- Release of endorphins: the electric current prompts the production and release of endorphins, the natural painkillers of the body. This can alleviate the ailment and induce a sense of well-being.
- Blood flow: the electrical pulses can cause blood vessels to dilate, increasing blood circulation in the treatment area. Enhanced blood flow delivers vital nutrients and oxygen to body tissues. Hence, it promotes healing and reduces inflammation.
Benefits of TENS Therapy
TENS therapy offers a range of benefits for individuals experiencing different types of conditions. For acute pain, which can be sudden and severe, TENS can provide immediate relief and help manage aches. Hence, it is valuable for treating postoperative pain and labour pain. In the case of chronic pain, TENS can address arthritis pain, fibromyalgia, shoulder pain, and backaches.
Musculoskeletal pain stemming from the muscles, bones, and connective tissues can be effectively managed with TENS. The electric stimulation can help alleviate the discomfort and support mobility and flexibility. Also, TENS is beneficial for managing neuropathic pain, such as those arising from sciatica or diabetic neuropathy. Hence, it helps individuals better cope with their symptoms.
In addition, TENS is valuable for managing muscle discomfort. Whether it is due to overexertion, repetitive strain, or muscle tension, the electrical pulses from the device can help relax muscle fibres, reduce pain sensations, and contribute to muscle function. Overall, TENS presents the benefits of versatility and extends to addressing both chronic and acute conditions.
Advantages Over Other Pain Relief Methods
TENS provides several distinct advantages. Firstly, it is non-invasive. It does not require any surgical incisions or invasive procedures, making it a safe option. Secondly, TENS is a drug-free treatment. Unlike many traditional pain management methods that rely on medication, TENS does not require the use of drugs.
The devices are lightweight and compact, allowing people to use them at home or on the go. Additionally, TENS offers customisability. Many TENS devices feature various modes and settings that allow users to adjust the electrical stimulation. Also, TENS is cost-effective. It eliminates the cost of medication or frequent visits to healthcare providers.
Safety Considerations When Undergoing TENS Therapy
TENS therapy is generally safe, but certain safety considerations should be taken into account. Foremost, individuals need to consult with a healthcare professional before beginning TENS treatment. This is particularly true for people with existing medical conditions, like heart disease or epilepsy. Accordingly, users should adhere to the proper electrode placement for safe and effective use of TENS.
It is crucial to avoid using TENS over certain areas of the body. This may include the eyes, head, mouth, throat, and chest. Furthermore, individuals should refrain from applying the electrodes over broken skin or wounds and areas with reduced sensation. During the treatment, it is vital to start with the lowest intensity and gradually increase it to a comfortable level.
Another safety precaution involves avoiding the use of TENS while driving or operating heavy machinery. The electrical stimulation from the device may cause muscle contraction and distracting sensations. Hence, it could impair the ability of a person to operate vehicles or machinery safely. In general, users should be attentive to any unusual reactions while using a TENS device. This may include excessive skin irritation, discomfort, or adverse sensations.
What Are the Potential Risks?
One potential risk is skin irritation at the electrode placement site. Prolonged or improper placement of electrodes can lead to skin irritation or discomfort. Hence, proper skin preparations and following proper pad placement are crucial. Another is the occurrence of muscle spasms or contractions. While these are generally harmless, they can be uncomfortable.
Furthermore, in rare cases, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to the materials used in the adhesive pads. This can manifest as localised skin redness, itching, or rash. Therefore, using hypoallergenic electrodes and promptly addressing any allergic symptoms can help minimise the risk.
Conclusion
TENS therapy is a widely used treatment for managing pain. This therapy involves the use of low-voltage electrical currents delivered through electrodes placed on the skin. Accordingly, the electrical stimulation functions by blocking the pain signals, triggering the release of endorphins, and enhancing blood flow. As a result, it provides numerous benefits by addressing conditions. This may include back pain, fibromyalgia, sciatica, arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and muscle tension.
Additionally, TENS provides advantages over other treatment methods. It is non-invasive, drug-free, portable, customisable, and cost-effective. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognise the safety considerations when using TENS. Consulting a healthcare professional is important for people with certain medical conditions. Also, it is vital to be aware of the potential risks. This may involve skin irritation and muscle twitching. TENS devices are available in physical and online stores. One example is the iTENS from iTENS Australia.
