A Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) machine can be a great tool for pain relief. A TENS unit for muscle pain works by blocking pain signals from reaching the brain. Additionally, it can trigger the release of endorphins, the natural painkillers of the body. This device offers several benefits. It is drug-free, meaning it does not require medications that may have side effects. Also, TENS is non-invasive, avoiding the need for surgeries or injections.
Many people experience body pain from everyday activities. Muscle pain is one of the common concerns, whether it be from sitting at a desk all day or exercising vigorously. Thus, finding relief becomes essential to improve the overall quality of life. A TENS machine has customisable settings, allowing users to adjust the intensity and frequency of stimulation according to their preferences. This article will present how a TENS device for muscle pain works, including its benefits and proper usage.
How a TENS Unit for Muscle Pain Works
A TENS unit for muscle pain produces electrical pulses to the pain site. The currents disguise the pain through sensory-level electronic stimulation. This occurs when people use high frequencies, ranging from 50-120 Hz, to target the nerves responsible for transmitting pain signals. Those with acute pain in the muscles can benefit from this.
In addition, individuals can use low frequencies from 2-9 Hz for motor-level electrical stimulation. It stimulates the natural painkilling responses of the body by activating the release of endorphins. Subsequently, it can help improve muscle strength and prevent muscle atrophy. This is particularly useful for individuals who have suffered from long-term muscular pain or have undergone surgery that resulted in muscle weakness.
While a TENS device is an effective way to manage muscle pain, it is not a cure. Addressing the underlying cause of pain is vital to fully resolve the issue. Nevertheless, using TENS can provide temporary pain relief. Also, it makes it easier to engage in activities like physical therapy or stretching exercises, which can help address the root cause of the pain.
Main Theories at Work
- Gate Control Theory of Pain – this theory suggests that there are nerve fibres in the spinal cord that act as “gates” and control the transmission of pain messages. When external stimuli like mild electrical current are provided, these neural gates restrict the pain signals travelling to the brain. High-frequency TENS can activate this mechanism.
- Natural Opioids System – the body produces natural opioids like enkephalins and endorphins in the brain, which then circulate throughout the body. These natural painkillers are released during activities such as exercise, massage, eating, or sexual intercourse. Low-frequency TENS can help induce the release of higher levels of endorphins.
Benefits of Using a TENS Unit for Muscle Pain
A TENS unit for muscle pain offers several key benefits. Firstly, it provides natural pain relief without relying on medications or invasive procedures. Instead, it uses electrical impulses to alleviate discomfort effectively. Secondly, TENS promotes muscle relaxation by generating a tingling sensation that helps reduce tension in the muscles, thereby enhancing mobility.
Thirdly, TENS therapy is highly customisable, allowing users to adjust intensity levels and patterns according to their preferences and needs. This adaptability ensures that users can tailor the treatment to address specific areas of pain effectively. Fourthly, aside from muscle pain, TENS is versatile in managing various types of pain in adults. These include acute pain, chronic pain, neck pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain, menstrual pain, arthritis pain, and more.
Furthermore, TENS boasts minimal risks and virtually no adverse side effects. Unlike some medications or treatments, it poses little danger and does not interfere with other pain management strategies. This makes it a safe and accessible option for people seeking relief from different types of pain without enduring significant risks or complications.
Is It Safe and Effective?
TENS is generally safe. However, there are certain precautions to consider. Consultation with a health professional or physical therapist is advisable beforehand. The reason is that electrotherapy may not be suitable for everyone, particularly for a pregnant woman or those with pacemakers, or epilepsy.
Regarding effectiveness, TENS has shown promising results in managing muscle pain. It delivers mild electrical pulses using sticky electrode pads. Numerous studies have reported positive outcomes, including pain relief, improved muscle function, and reduced reliance on painkilling medication. However, it is essential to note that individual responses to TENS therapy may vary.
How to Use a TENS Unit for Muscle Pain
Proper usage of a TENS unit for muscle pain is necessary to maximise its benefits and minimise potential risks. To start, identify the area where pain is present and ensure the skin is clean and dry. Refer to the instructions on the manual guide or a physical therapist for the correct electrode placement.
After determining the position of the electrode patches, place them directly on or near the pain site. Make sure to fully attach them, as they may fall off during use. Most TENS electronic devices have adjustable intensity levels, pulse settings, and timer functions. Start low and slowly increase until there is a tingling sensation in the muscle. Constantly check for signs of skin irritation.
The treatment duration is usually around 20 to 30 minutes. Those who need a more extended treatment may continue the therapy after a 20-minute break or at regular intervals. After the session, turn off the electrical device and remove the electrode patches. Finally, clean the skin and store the device properly for future use.
Safety Guidelines
Before using TENS, individuals should undergo a comprehensive health assessment by consulting with a healthcare professional. This is especially important for individuals with conditions such as pregnancy, heart problems, epilepsy, and cancer, as they may not be suitable candidates.
Additionally, some people may experience allergic reactions due to the TENS pads. If this occurs, discontinue use and clean the area with warm soap and mild water. Individuals may use hypoallergenic pads to minimise discomfort. Moreover, it is essential not to leave the device running for more than one hour. Prolonged use may cause overstimulation, leading to headaches, muscle fatigue, and skin irritation.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a TENS unit for muscle pain offers effective relief without medications or invasive methods. It works by sending electrical pulses to the pain site, masking discomfort and promoting muscle relaxation. Customisable and versatile, TENS therapy suits various pain types, including chronic and acute conditions. Importantly, it poses minimal risks and does not interfere with other treatments. While it is not a cure, TENS can aid in managing pain, enhancing mobility, and facilitating engagement in physical therapy.
Operating a TENS device for muscle pain requires careful attention to detail and following safety guidelines. Proper electrode placement, starting with low settings can maximise benefits while minimising risks. Additionally, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional before use, especially for those with certain medical conditions. If skin irritation occurs, discontinue use and clean the area. By following these steps and precautions, individuals can effectively manage muscle pain with a TENS unit.
