Sciatica is a common pain condition that causes discomfort and can greatly impact daily routines. Fortunately, there is Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) therapy as a method of pain relief. A sciatica treatment using a TENS machine is an effective therapy solution based on several studies by health professionals and pain specialists. Accordingly, it is a non-invasive, drug-free pain relief as it delivers electrical impulses to block pain signals and trigger the production of endorphins.
Sciatica can be acute or chronic. Nevertheless, it can be a debilitating condition. It is an ailment characterised by intense pain radiating along the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down the legs. Traditional treatment solutions like physical therapy, regular exercises, heating pads, and cold therapy may not provide desired sciatica pain relief. Thus, people turn to TENS. This article will present how TENS work for the condition, including how to apply the treatment and the precautions.
How Does Sciatica Treatment Using a TENS Machine Work?
Sciatica treatment using a TENS machine is a battery-operated device that sends low-voltage electrical pulses to the nerves. The electrical stimulation can be delivered through an electrode pad placed on the skin. Accordingly, there are two key parameters that the electrical devices can work or stream the electrical current. This includes the stimulation frequency and the intensity.
The frequency of the electrical pulses determines how many times per second the electric currents cycle. Low-frequency (LF) TENS typically operates at a rate of below 10 Hz, while high-frequency (HF) TENS operates at a rate of above 50 Hz. Nevertheless, LF is beneficial for providing chronic pain relief, which stimulates endorphin release. Meanwhile, HF is common for acute pain relief, which can disrupt pain signals.
Furthermore, intensity refers to the strength of the electrical impulses. Users can adjust the intensity level to a comfortable sensation, which allows for personalised treatment. TENS devices for pain relief typically have controls to regulate the intensity of the electrical current. Nevertheless, individuals can adjust the settings (frequency, intensity, and duration) to provide an effective sciatica treatment.
The Main Theories At Work
- Pain Gate Theory: it suggests that the stimulation of sensory nerves by the electrical pulses from the unit can essentially close the gate on the transmission of pain signals to the brain. Hence, the sensory output of TENS competes with and overrides the pain signals.
- Release of endorphins: endorphins are neurotransmitters that act as natural painkillers. This can help alleviate the sensation of the condition and induce a sense of well-being.
- Blood circulation: by promoting the flow of blood in the treatment area, TENS therapy can potentially facilitate the delivery of oxygen and essential nutrients to the tissues.
How to Apply Sciatica Treatment Using a TENS Machine
Applying sciatica treatment using a TENS machine involves several steps. Firstly, connect the electrodes to the device using lead cables or through a smartphone via Bluetooth for wireless. Secondly, identify the treatment region and the path of the sciatic nerve. Thirdly, remove the protective backing from the pads and carefully position electrodes, following the proper pad placement.
Then, switch on the TENS unit using the power button. Most TENS may allow individuals to adjust the settings. This may include modifying the frequency, intensity, and duration. Also, some devices may offer pre-set programs. Thus, choose the setting for sciatica treatment. Nevertheless, it is advisable to start with the lowest settings and gradually increase it to a comfortable level.
While undergoing TENS therapy, the user should monitor the sensation and effect of the electrical pulses. It should produce a tingling or buzzing sensation without causing discomfort. The duration can vary depending on needs and sciatica pain symptoms. Once the session is complete, turn off the device and gently remove the electrodes from the skin.
Pad Placement
If the discomfort is in the lower back, place the electrodes on either side of the spine. Accordingly, if the ailment is in the buttocks, position the pads on the area of maximal pain. Placing the electrodes over the piriformis muscle can be particularly effective. Subsequently, if the pain radiates down the back of the leg, place the pads along the sciatic nerve pathway.
It is important to maintain an appropriate distance between the electrodes to ensure broad coverage. Nevertheless, users should be mindful of the responses to the electrical stimulation and make adjustments whenever necessary.
Precautions When Conducting Sciatica Treatment Using a TENS Machine
When conducting sciatica treatment using a TENS machine, safety precautions are essential. Before undergoing TENS therapy, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider. This is crucial for people with underlying conditions to ensure that TENS is suitable for the specific ailment. Accordingly, proper electrode placement is imperative. Thus, adhere to the guidelines and recommendations for pad positioning.
Avoid placing the electrodes on sensitive areas of the body, such as broken skin or open wounds. It is also vital to clean and dry the skin before placing the electrodes. Subsequently, it is always important to start with the lowest settings. Using excessively high settings can lead to discomfort or muscle contractions. Moreover, those with cognitive impairments should use the device under the supervision of health professionals.
TENS therapy should not be used while sleeping or in the bath. The use of TENS during sleep increases the risk of prolonged exposure to electrical stimulation. Meanwhile, using the device in wet conditions can pose a risk of electrical shock. Also, do not use TENS while driving or operating machinery. The electrical currents can provide electrical shocks that can compromise focus.
When to Seek Medical Help?
If the sciatica symptoms of the individual, such as numbness or weakness, persist or worsen despite using TENS, they should seek medical attention. This could indicate that the underlying cause of their sciatica requires medical assessment and treatment. If the user experiences new symptoms like loss of bowel control, they should see a doctor.
Additionally, if the person finds that their sciatica symptoms make it difficult to perform daily activities, they should consult a healthcare provider. Also, if the individual does not experience any improvement after using TENS for a reasonable period, they should seek medical help.
Conclusion
Overall, sciatica treatment using a TENS machine can be an effective and non-invasive option. TENS stands works by sending low-voltage electrical currents through the skin to stimulate the nerves and provide pain relief. Accordingly, it incorporates theories on how it functions. This includes Pain Gate Theory, the release of endorphins, and the promotion of blood flow. Moreover, the electrical pulses have critical vital parameters. This involves the stimulation frequency and intensity.
Applying TENS therapy requires a simple step process. The user needs to identify the treatment area, place the electrodes, and adjust the settings. Nevertheless, pad placement is crucial in the therapy. For sciatica, the positioning of the electrodes may be in the lower back, buttocks, or legs. Furthermore, it is vital to know the safety precautions and when to seek medical help. The device is available in the marketplace, including the online retailer iTENS Australia.
