Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is one of the common techniques used in physiotherapy. It uses mild electrical currents to stimulate the nerves in order to relieve pain. It also triggers the release of natural painkillers like endorphins. To apply TENS in physio, users must place the electrode pads on the skin of the pain site. Next, adjust the controls, starting at the lowest stimulation level and gradually increasing to a comfortable level.
Pain management can take multiple approaches. Physiotherapy focuses on a variety of techniques to help patients manage pain and improve mobility. TENS is one of the strategies that can effectively alleviate pain. It provides a safe, non-invasive, and drug-free method of pain relief. Thus, it is favourable for individuals looking for an alternative to medications. In this article, we will delve into the uses of TENS for physical therapy, how it relieves pain, and how to use the unit.
What is TENS for Physio?
TENS for physio is a non-invasive technique that helps relieve pain through electrical stimulation. It utilises a battery-operated device to deliver electrical pulses through adhesive electrodes placed on the skin. These pulses override the central nervous system, activating the natural pain relief mechanisms. As a result, it helps reduce pain levels and provide temporary relief from various conditions.
The purpose of TENS treatment is to help manage and reduce in patients who are experiencing acute and chronic pain conditions. It is often used as an alternative to painkillers or in conjunction with other methods, such as exercise and manual therapy. Additionally, people can use TENS devices in a clinical setting or at home without professional supervision.
Individuals may use a TENS machine with physical therapy to enhance the pain-relieving effects. For example, they may use it before or after a stretching exercise to stimulate the body and reduce muscle soreness. Overall, it provides natural relief from pain and discomfort that may last a few minutes or hours.
Treatable Conditions
- Joint pain: Discomfort in the joint, often due to inflammation, that causes tenderness and limited mobility. A common condition is rheumatoid arthritis, which affects the hands, neck, shoulders, elbows, and knees.
- Nerve pain: Disorders in the nervous system or damage to the nerves. Sciatica, carpal tunnel syndrome, and diabetic neuropathy are chronic pain situations that affect the nerves.
- Muscle pain: Tenderness or soreness in the muscles due to strains, spasms, or fibromyalgia.
- Postoperative pain: Pain experienced after surgical procedures. The pain is often acute and subsides once the healing process is complete.
- Trauma: Injuries during physical activity or overuse, such as fractures and muscle tears.
How Does TENS for Physio Work?
There are various mechanisms in which TENS for physio works to relieve pain. The device delivers electrical impulses to stimulate the sensory nerves to block the transmission of pain signals. This process is known as the pain gate mechanism, where the electrical stimulation closes the “neural gates” in the spinal cord, preventing the signals from reaching the brain.
Another method is to stimulate the production of endorphins. Endorphins are natural hormones that bind to opioid receptors and inhibit them from sending pain messages to the brain. Additionally, the electrical pulses increase blood circulation, distributing more oxygen and nutrients needed by the body for healing. In effect, it also reduces inflammation and relaxes muscle tension.
By using a TENS machine, individuals can experience a decrease in pain intensity and an improvement in overall function. However, it is vital to note that TENS is not a cure for underlying conditions. Instead, it can provide short-term relief from various pain symptoms. It is also best to consult a physiotherapist or healthcare professional before starting a treatment regimen to ensure safety.
Benefits of TENS Therapy
TENS therapy offers numerous benefits for individuals suffering from chronic and acute pain conditions. One of the main benefits is getting drug-free pain relief. This is favourable for people who want to reduce their reliance on analgesic medications. Moreover, it does not carry the risk of adverse side effects or dependency.
Individuals recovering from an injury can also experience a greater range of motion and reduced muscle stiffness with TENS therapy. It can help in the rehabilitation process by promoting circulation and reducing swelling. Furthermore, TENS is non-invasive and does not require surgery or injections, making it a safer treatment option.
How to Apply TENS in Physio
Applying TENS in physio is easy to integrate into pain management routines. It is important to assess individual pain levels and determine the appropriate TENS settings. A portable TENS machine has adjustable settings to control the pulse rate, duration, and intensity. To begin treatment, attach the electrode pads to clean dry skin near the pain area.
Once the pads are in place, turn on the device and adjust the settings to the desired level. Most TENS machines also have several pre-set modes for certain health conditions. It offers an alternative option for individuals who want quick pain relief without needing to adjust pulses manually. In addition, start with a low intensity and gradually increase until the tingling sensations feel strong but comfortable.
During the treatment, it is essential to monitor the response of the body to electrical stimulation. Users may need to adjust the frequency and intensity levels to find the most optimal relief and reduce nerve adaptation over time. Lastly, use the device for approximately 15-30 minutes per session.
Safety Guidelines
When self-administering TENS therapy, there are certain safety guidelines to follow to avoid any adverse effects. Firstly, ensure that physiotherapy devices are appropriate to use. People with heart conditions, epilepsy, and pregnant women should consult with a healthcare professional before starting TENS therapy.
Secondly, it is important to stay within the recommended range of parameters. Turning the intensity too high may cause discomfort or potential harm. Thirdly, avoid using TENS therapy on open wounds, broken skin, or infected areas to prevent further injury. Lastly, avoid using the TENS machine for over 60 minutes to reduce the risk of nerve desensitisation and muscle fatigue.
Conclusion
TENS for physio has become a cost-effective method for managing pain and promoting rehabilitation. This approach uses mild electrical impulses to stimulate the sensory nerves to block pain signals and release endorphins. Thus, it provides temporary pain relief without the aid of drugs. Moreover, it can help with various painful conditions, such as arthritis, sciatica, fibromyalgia, and postoperative pain. The TENS machines are portable and simple to use, making them easy to integrate into pain management routines.
To use the device, place the adhesive electrodes on the affected area and adjust the controls. Ensure that the settings are appropriate for individual pain levels and comfort. Additionally, follow safety guidelines to prevent any potential harm. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best TENS therapy plan for specific needs. With proper application, TENS can be a valuable tool for managing chronic pain and injuries.
