Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is emerging as the go-to therapy for many individuals seeking pain relief. It uses a portable device called a TENS therapy machine to deliver low-voltage electrical currents to the nerves. This helps alleviate pain and promote the healing of soft tissue injuries. Many people prefer this treatment option because it is easy to use. To operate the machine, users have to adjust settings to the desired frequency and intensity levels.
Living with acute or chronic pain can be challenging, as it affects daily activities or routines. Therefore, people seek various ways to manage the conditions, often involving medications or physical therapy. However, conventional treatments may not be suitable for everyone. Many seek modern pain control solutions leading to TENS therapy. In this article, we will delve into the functions of the device, its benefits, and how to operate the unit.
What is a TENS Therapy Machine?
A TENS therapy machine is a portable device consisting of a control unit and adhesive electrode pads. The device sends electrical impulses through the electrodes placed on the skin to stimulate the sensory nerves. In addition, TENS typically uses thin wires to connect the unit to the electrodes. However, some modern versions have wireless pads, utilising Bluetooth technology to control the electrical stimulation.
TENS devices come with a range of features to cater to different needs. One of the main features is adjustable settings to control the strength, frequency, and duration of the pulses. This allows users to customise their treatment according to their comfort level and pain severity. Moreover, some devices offer multiple modes of operation with various patterns of stimulation.
Furthermore, the electrode pads can be self-adhesive or require a conductive gel. They stick easily to the skin and provide a comfortable and secure connection for the electrical currents. The pads are typically reusable, although they may need replacement after some time due to wear and tear. Lastly, the device may use single-use or rechargeable batteries.
How It Works
- Pain gating: A TENS machine may use high frequency (50-120 Hz) to activate the pain gate mechanisms. This approach stimulates certain nerve fibres in the spinal cord to close the pathways of pain signals, hindering them from reaching the brain.
- Endogenous opioid release: Low-frequency stimulation (2-10 Hz) induces the release of endorphins. These are hormones that act as natural painkillers and mood enhancers.
- Blood circulation: TENS promote blood circulation, delivering more oxygen and nutrients for the repair of body tissues, muscles, or nerves due to an injury.
- Muscle relaxation: A TENS machine helps reduce inflammation, alleviating muscle tension and soreness.
Benefits of TENS Therapy Machine
TENS therapy machines offer numerous benefits, making them a popular option for pain management. Firstly, it provides a non-invasive and drug-free method of pain relief. It does not require any needles or incisions, providing a safe and comfortable experience for individuals. Its non-medicated approach minimises the risks of dependency and side effects like nausea and digestive issues.
Secondly, TENS devices offer a customisable treatment. They have adjustable settings to control the stimulation based on individual comfort levels. This versatility makes TENS therapy suitable for a wide range of health conditions. Also, many digital TENS machines offer preset modes for convenient use. These programs have set parameters for a specific body part or ailment.
TENS therapy offers a cost-effective and long-term solution for managing pain. Medications and regular physical therapy sessions can have ongoing costs. Meanwhile, the price of a TENS machine involves the initial purchase and replacement of electrode pads, lead wires, and batteries. These are relatively inexpensive compared to other options. Additionally, TENS machines are portable and easy to use, allowing individuals to incorporate therapy into their daily routines.
Conditions It Can Help Manage
The versatility of TENS devices makes them suitable for various chronic and acute pain conditions. One of the common treatments for TENS is musculoskeletal pain. It includes arthritis, fibromyalgia, back pain, and joint pain. Another treatment is for neuropathic pain or dysfunction of the nerves. This includes diabetic neuropathy, sciatica, and phantom pain.
Furthermore, electric nerve stimulation is beneficial for postoperative pain. It helps alleviate the discomfort and swelling until the patient fully recovers. A TENS machine is also commonly used for labour pain. It is often utilised at the early stage of labour to help minimise painful contractions.
How to Operate a TENS Therapy Machine
Using a TENS therapy machine is easy, but following the instructions is crucial for effective relief. To operate the unit, first, identify the site of electrode placement. Generally, attach the pads on the sides of the pain area or around the painful joints. It is essential to clean and dry the skin before applying the electrodes. At the same time, avoid areas with skin irritation or broken wounds.
Once the pads are in place, turn on the TENS unit and adjust the settings according to the type of pain. Start with a low intensity and gradually increase if needed. Users may also select a setting for their specific conditions from different programs or modes.
The treatment time typically lasts between 15 to 30 minutes. After the session, turn off the device and remove the pads. Individuals who may need longer electric nerve stimulation may reuse the device after 20 minutes. It is essential to have regular breaks to prevent skin irritation and overstimulation.
When to Seek Professional Help?
Individuals should consult a health professional if they experience severe or worsening pain despite using a TENS device. It may also include new or unexplained symptoms. This may indicate an underlying health issue that requires medical attention. In these cases, a doctor can determine the cause of the pain and explore other treatment options.
Additionally, it is necessary to seek medical care if there are allergic reactions that persist after using a TENS therapy unit. Allergic reactions may include skin rashes, itching, or swelling at the electrode placement site. A healthcare professional can assess the situation and provide appropriate guidance.
Conclusion
TENS therapy machines are efficient tools for pain relief of various conditions. It offers a drug-free and non-invasive treatment, minimising safety risks. They work by preventing pain messages from reaching the brain and releasing endorphins. Moreover, they are easy to operate. Individuals can use the device anytime and control settings according to their specific needs. However, following the instructions, including proper pad placement, and seeking professional help if necessary are essential.
Proper usage and maintenance of TENS machines are vital to maximise their effectiveness. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals seeking long-term pain management. They can be used for chronic pain like arthritis, fibromyalgia, and sciatica. Nevertheless, people with pain conditions can receive personalised advice by consulting with a doctor, especially those with serious medical conditions. Overall, TENS therapy is a cost-effective option for pain relief, offering versatility and ease of use.
