Calf injuries, overuse, and certain medical conditions can cause pain. The common types of treatment include calf muscle rehabilitation or medicines. Nowadays, people can rely on other medical treatments like Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS). Operating a TENS unit for calf pain is simple. Users must position electrode pads on the target area of the calf. Then, they can adjust the settings using the control panel. Moreover, those with a wireless device can use a mobile app.
Athletes or individuals who engage in activities involving repetitive movements of the leg typically experience tight calf muscles. Consequently, this can lead to pain and discomfort. Calf injuries range from mild calf strains to more severe tears or ruptures. Instead of going to a treatment centre to undergo physical therapy, they can choose to administer TENS therapy using a personal machine. The following sections will present what TENS is, how it works, and how to operate it.
What is a TENS Unit for Calf Pain?
TENS is one of the natural types of pain relief. It can help manage various acute and chronic pain conditions. In particular, a TENS unit for calf pain is an effective and convenient way to alleviate discomfort in the calf muscles. It can come in different types, features, and sizes to suit individual needs and preferences.
There are handheld and wireless machines. The former consists of wires connected to sticky pads, while the latter allows for greater mobility and flexibility during use because they are cord-free. Generally, TENS has adjustable settings and pre-set modes for further convenience. Moreover, electrodes can be large enough to cover the entire calf muscle or small enough to target specific areas of pain.
A benefit of using an electrical nerve stimulation device is its non-invasive nature. Unlike medication or surgery, TENS therapy offers a drug-free and relatively low-risk option for managing pain. By delivering targeted stimulation to the sore muscles, a TENS unit helps increase blood flow, relax muscle tissue, and alleviate tension. This ultimately leads to decreased pain and improved function.
Causes of Calf Pain
- Injuries – These may be common for people who lead an active lifestyle or participate in sports.
- Calf muscle strain – Overuse or sudden movements can cause this, resulting in pain and discomfort.
- Venous insufficiency – Poor blood circulation can result in swelling and pain in the calf muscles, often accompanied by aching and heaviness.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – Blood clots in the deep veins of the legs can cause discomfort in the calf, often coming with redness and warmth.
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD) – Narrowing of the arteries in the legs can lead to lower blood flow. Subsequently, it causes cramping in the calves during physical activity.
How a TENS Unit for Calf Pain Works
A TENS unit for calf pain sends low-voltage electrical impulses to the affected area through electrode pads. These impulses help disrupt the pain signals that typically travel to the brain. Users can utilise high frequencies, at 50-120 Hz, to activate the pain gating mechanism. Subsequently, they can experience relief and less muscle tightness.
The electrical stimulation also encourages the body to produce endorphins, natural pain-relieving chemicals. This further alleviates calf pain and promotes a sense of well-being. Individuals can operate on low frequencies to trigger these natural painkillers. Aside from the frequency, people can modify the intensity and duration for better relief.
Furthermore, using TENS medical treatment can improve circulation and promote muscle relaxation. The gentle electrical stimulation helps increase blood flow to the area, aiding the complete healing process of injuries. The muscle-relaxing effects of TENS therapy can also help to prevent stiffness and cramping in the calf muscles, allowing for greater comfort and mobility. Ultimately, it results in a better range of motion.
Main Theories at Work
TENS machines are thought to work through two main theories: the Gate Control Theory and the Endorphin Release Theory. The former suggests that TENS can close the pain gates in the spinal cord. As a result, the pain signals are blocked from reaching the brain. Consequently, it reduces the perception of pain.
On the other hand, the Endorphin Release Theory proposes that TENS stimulates the release of natural pain-relieving chemicals called endorphins. They restrict the transmission of pain messages, leading to minimal to no pain. Moreover, producing endorphins causes relaxation and less stress because they act as natural mood elevators.
How to Operate a TENS Unit for Calf Pain
People should remove dirt particles from the electrode pads before operating a TENS unit for calf pain. Moreover, they must clean the skin surface for proper adhesion. After preparing these elements, place the electrodes on either side of the calf muscle. They can use up to four pairs of pads for better coverage. However, space them out evenly and not place them directly on each other.
Once individuals attach the electrode patches, turn the TENS machine on. Manually adjust the intensity level. They must start with a low setting to prevent sudden electrical shocks. Users may feel a tingling or buzzing sensation in their calf muscles. This is normal and indicates that the electrical stimulation is being delivered effectively.
Administer TENS for about 20-30 minutes at a time. People can undergo the therapy multiple times throughout the day, but make sure to have a break between sessions. The TENS treatment option is generally safe, but consulting a healthcare provider before its use is a necessity. Store the unit in a dry area after sessions to prevent damage or moisture buildup.
Safety Considerations
One safety consideration is to follow the manual guide for proper pad placement. Moreover, do not apply the electrodes over broken or irritated skin. Additionally, it is essential to avoid using the TENS unit near water or in humid environments, as this can increase the risk of electric shock.
Furthermore, do not operate TENS while sleeping, as this can increase the risk of injury or unintended muscle contractions during sleep. Always remaining awake and alert while using the machine is vital. Similarly, avoid undergoing TENS therapy while driving, operating heavy machinery, or performing tasks that require full concentration.
Conclusion
A TENS unit for calf pain can be a reliable and effective tool for lessening discomfort and promoting healing. It can alleviate muscle tightness and reduce pain, allowing individuals to resume their daily activities without hindrance. TENS delivers controlled electrical impulses to the affected area. Then, it blocks pain messages, releases natural painkillers, and stimulates blood flow to promote healing. Despite its effectiveness, it may not work for everyone. Thus, consulting a doctor and managing expectations is crucial.
Operating a TENS machine involves placing the electrode pads on the skin over the affected area. In addition, users can adjust the duration, intensity, and frequency. Moreover, they can utilise more than two sets of electrode patches for optimal outcomes. However, they should be cautious by following the instructions of the manufacturer. Furthermore, it is necessary not to use TENS devices while in water, sleeping, driving, and performing other activities that require full attention.
