Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a method of pain relief. It utilises an electronic device to deliver low-voltage electronic pulses to the body. It dispatches the impulses through electrodes placed on the skin. Accordingly, a TENS unit for pain management works in various ways to provide analgesic effects. It can block pain signals and trigger the release of endorphins. Furthermore, TENS therapy serves a multitude of benefits. It is non-invasive, drug-free, adjustable, and cost-effective.
Various types of pain can significantly impact the quality of life of a person. As a result, many seek effective pain relief solutions. Standard methods of pain relief involve pain control medications, but they may come with adverse side effects. Fortunately, TENS therapy presents a safe and effective intervention. Healthcare professionals often recommend it. The following sections will show how the TENS device for pain control works, including its benefits and how to use it.
How Does a TENS Unit for Pain Management Work?
Firstly, the TENS unit for pain management encourages the body to produce endorphins. They are natural hormones with similar analgesic effects of morphine but without the adverse side effects. When the electrical currents stimulate the release of endorphins, the individual experiences a significant level of pain relief.
Secondly, the functionality of the TENS device is based on the pain gate control mechanism. It suggests that there is a neurological “gate” in the spinal cord that either allows or blocks pain signals to the brain. Nevertheless, the electrical impulses can effectively “close” this gate. Thus, it prevents the pain signals from passing through to the brain. It helps minimise the levels of pain intensity.
Lastly, the electrical stimulation aids in improving blood circulation to the affected area. The electrical pulses encourage the dilation of blood vessels, which increases blood flow to the area. Enhanced circulation is beneficial as it can lead to the reduction of inflammation and promote healing. With better blood flow, tissues in the affected area receive more oxygen and nutrients.
Low and High Frequencies
The TENS device can deliver the following frequency currents:
- Low-Frequency Current: Also known as acupuncture-like TENS, it operates at 1 to 10 Hz. It is believed to prompt the body into producing endorphins, the natural pain relievers of the body. Nevertheless, this mode is beneficial for chronic pain treatment.
- High-Frequency Current: Often referred to as conventional TENS, functions at 50 to 120 Hz. It operates on the principle of the pain gate control phenomenon. High-frequency electrical impulses flood the nervous system with non-painful stimuli. As such, this setting is a valuable tool for addressing acute pain.
Benefits of Using a TENS Unit for Pain Management
The primary benefit of a TENS unit for pain management is its non-invasive nature. TENS therapy works externally, unlike surgical procedures. Thus, it eliminates potential risks, such as infection or recovery time. Accordingly, TENS treatment does not require the intake of pain medications. It addresses concerns related to dependency issues, adverse side effects, and interactions with other medications.
Versatility comes as another significant advantage of TENS devices. It can be used to manage a wide range of pain in people. This makes it a valuable tool for various situations and patient needs. The machine is also adjustable. It allows users to control the frequency and intensity of electrical stimulation and the duration of pain relief. It ensures that each individual can tailor the treatment.
Additionally, TENS units are cost-effective. They provide long-term solutions with a one-time purchase. The TENS devices also come in portable and compact sizes. Furthermore, TENS therapy can serve as an adjunct intervention. It can be used alongside other pain control techniques. Finally, TENS treatment has zero to minimal side effects. It can only cause manageable skin irritation or muscle contraction.
Types of Pain that Can Be Managed with TENS
TENS therapy can treat a wide range of ailments. Foremost, the device can manage persistent pain conditions. It includes arthritic pain and long-standing back and neck pain. Additionally, TENS treatment is effective for acute pain management. It can handle period pain and tension headaches.
The TENS machine can also target musculoskeletal pain. It affects the bones, ligaments, and tendons. Common conditions include disc injuries, bursitis, hip pain, and degenerated joints. Furthermore, TENS therapy can manage neuropathic pain or nerve pain. Conditions such as diabetic neuropathy or sciatica can lead to such discomfort. Lastly, TENS can also aid muscle atrophy, achy muscles, and muscular injuries.
How to Use a TENS Unit for Pain Management
Using a TENS unit for pain management is a straightforward process. Start by pinpointing the exact location of discomfort. Accordingly, prepare the skin by cleaning and drying it to remove oils or dirt. Attach the sticky electrodes to the skin, following the electrode placement suggestions. Afterwards, connect the electrodes to the central machine using lead cables or to a smartphone via Bluetooth for wireless.
Once set, turn on the TENS device. The unit has key features that enable users to adjust the frequency, intensity, and duration of electrical pulses. Start with the lowest setting and gradually increase it to a comfortable intensity. It should provide a solid but comfortable tingling sensation. Nevertheless, advanced TENS units have pre-set programs for different types of pain.
Treatment sessions commonly last between 15 to 30 minutes. Users can adjust the duration depending on the severity of the pain or upon the recommendation of a professional. Throughout the session, remain attentive to the response of the body. After the treatment, turn off the TENS device and carefully remove the electrodes from the skin. Store the unit safely for future use.
Safety Precautions
First, individuals must consult with a healthcare professional before starting TENS therapy. It is mainly for those with heart conditions, epilepsy, or pregnant women. Furthermore, it is essential to inspect the electrode pads for wear and tear regularly. In placing the electrodes, do not position them in the head, eyes, mouth, throat, chest, spinal cord, bony prominences, and broken skin.
Additionally, avoid starting the therapy at high settings. It can cause electrical shocks and discomfort. Moreover, do not use the TENS unit while driving, operating heavy machinery, or during any activity where involuntary muscle contractions may result in harm.
Conclusion
A TENS unit for pain management is a highly effective method for dealing with discomfort. It is an electronic device that emits electrical currents. It sends them via electrodes attached to the skin. Consequently, these impulses work in various mechanisms. It encourages the body to produce endorphins, blocks the transmission of pain messages, and improves blood circulation to the affected area. Additionally, TENS devices can stream the currents in low (1-10 Hz) and high (50-120 Hz) frequencies.
Furthermore, TENS offers numerous benefits. It is a natural pain relief solution, versatile, adjustable, cost-effective, and can complement other treatments. It is also portable and compact. Moreover, TENS therapy can manage various types of pain. It can treat neck pain, period pain, hip pain, sciatica, and muscle atrophy. TENS units are also easy to use. Place the electrodes, turn on the device, and adjust the settings. However, knowing the safety precautions is essential to ensure optimal TENS therapy experience.
